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☆ The Missing $1 Trillion
▼ + stars: | 2024-04-18 | by ( David Gelles | Manuela Andreoni | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

Discussions about how to reform lumbering multilateral bureaucracies can get tedious quickly. How to make more money available for developing nations that are being battered by extreme weather? And how to make sure poor countries don’t spend too much money servicing their debt? Experts estimate that at least $1 trillion a year is needed to help developing countries adapt to hotter temperatures and rising seas, build out clean energy projects and cope with climate disasters. “For many countries, they will only be able to implement strong new climate plans if we see a quantum leap in climate finance this year,” Simon Stiell, the United Nations climate chief, said in a speech last week.

Persons: ” Simon Stiell Organizations: World Bank, International Monetary Fund, United Nations Locations: United

☆ Southern Africa’s drought and floods could push tens of millions into hunger
▼ + stars: | 2024-04-04 | by ( Sarah Dean | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +4 min

The country’s top priority “is securing food for all Zimbabweans,” the president told journalists at the state house in Harare. Kb Mpofu/ReutersIn Zambia, Malawi and Central Mozambique, extreme drought has damaged more than 2 million hectares of crops, Oxfam said. Zambia declared its drought a disaster on February 29. In Mozambique — a country accounting for only 0.2% of global emissions — 3 million people face hunger, according to Oxfam. The country’s capital, Maputo, experienced devastating floods in March, after Tropical Storm Filipo hit followed a few weeks later by further intense rainfall.

Persons: South Africa CNN —, Emmerson Mnangagwa, El Niño, Zimbabwe —, Filipo, ” Teresa Anderson, Machinda Marongwe, ” Marongwe Organizations: South Africa CNN, Oxfam, Reuters, Democratic, United Nations Office, Humanitarian Affairs, United States Agency, International, Systems Network Locations: Johannesburg, South Africa, Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Harare, “, Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, Namibia, Pumula East, Bulawayo, Central Mozambique, ” Southern Africa, Maputo

☆ Rising temperatures and floods leave cities with hefty bills. Startups are working to help them adapt to climate risks.
▼ + stars: | 2024-03-26 | by ( Tasmin Lockwood | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +10 min

All of this has given rise to climate adaptation, a sector that aims to mitigate against and adapt to the risks associated with climate change. For James Brennan and Navjit Sagoo, two of the scientists behind climate risk analytics startup Climate X, it is imperative that adaption efforts go hand in hand with those working to curb rising temperatures. Indeed, Bank of America analysts predicted the climate adaptation industry would be worth $2 trillion a year by 2026. Climate X made its calculations based on the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's RCP8.5 scenario, which has been deemed to be a "very high" baseline for emissions. Mike Segar/ReutersAll hands on deckThe need for climate adaptation is clear but often overlooked until an extreme weather event occurs, according to Landesman and Chaudhury.

Persons: —, James Brennan, Navjit Sagoo, Abrar Chaudhury, Autarc, Bill Gates, Tucker Landesman, Helge Jørgensen, Mike Segar, Brennan, Sagoo Organizations: Service, Business, Bank of America, Climate, X, Deloitte, University of Oxford's, Business School, New York Times, New, London, Fabian Society, Tech, Breakthrough Energy Ventures, Goldman Sachs, Management, Air, International Institute for Environment, Development Locations: London, New York City, New York, California, Autarc , Massachusetts, Medellin, Colombia, Europe, PitchBook, Mamaroneck, Westchester County , New York, U.S

☆ A global tax on billionaires is on the G20 agenda. Will it ever happen?
▼ + stars: | 2024-03-01 | by ( Anna Cooban | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +4 min

London CNN —Finance officials from the world’s biggest economies began talks this week on introducing a global minimum tax on billionaires. According to the EU Tax Observatory, the super-rich in big countries pay a far smaller share of their income in taxes than ordinary people. The world’s current patchwork of tax regimes fails “to properly tax the individuals with the highest ability to pay taxes,” he added. The negotiations on a minimum tax on corporations took years,” Quentin Parrinello, senior policy advisor at the EU Tax Observatory, told CNN. Practical headachesA global minimum tax on billionaires would be more complicated to implement than the one introduced for corporations, says Arun Advani, an economics professor at the University of Warwick.

Persons: ” Gabriel Zucman, ” Quentin Parrinello, ” Parrinello, Arun Advani, “ It’s, ” Advani, “, ’, Advani, ” Organizations: London CNN — Finance, EU, Observatory, Oxfam, EU Tax Observatory, Independent, Climate Finance, European Union, CNN, University of Warwick Locations: São Paulo, Brazil, France, Italy, United States, China, India, Saudi Arabia, Argentina, London, New York

To keep Earth from overheating too much, the nations of the world need to put fewer loopholes in climate agreements and far more money — trillions of dollars a year — into financial help for poor nations, the United Nations climate chief said Friday. In an unusual and blunt lecture at a university in Baku, Azerbaijan, the host city of upcoming international climate negotiations later this year, United Nations Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Stiell called gains made in the past not nearly enough. Richer nations have promised less than 5% of that amount in climate financial help to poor nations — and they often haven't even delivered that much. “It's already blazingly obvious that finance is the make-or-break factor in the world's climate fight,” Stiell said. “The time has passed for business-as-usual in all aspects of the world's climate fight,” Stiell said.

Persons: Simon Stiell, “, Stiell, Richer, “ It's, ” Stiell, Anne Rasmussen, Jean Su, Su, Joanna Depledge, ___ Read, Seth Borenstein Organizations: United Nations, United, Climate Finance, United Arab Emirates, ”, Biological Diversity, Cambridge University, Climate, Associated Press Locations: United, Baku, Azerbaijan, United Nations, China, Nations, Brazil, Grenada, United Arab, United States, England, Dubai, AP.org

DAVOS, Switzerland (AP) — The Earth is heating up, as is conflict in the Middle East. They'll be among more than 2,800 attendees, which also include academics, artists and international organization leaders. OpenAI chief Sam Altman will be in Davos along with top executives from Microsoft, which helped bankroll his company's rise. TRYING AGAIN TO SAVE THE PLANETOf all the lofty hopes in Davos, the perennial one of late has been the search for creative and promising ways to fight climate change. “Davos is a powerful combination potentially, of a lot of concern about the environment, and a lot of high-powered finance present,” she said.

Persons: Isaac Herzog, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, They'll, Bronwen Maddox, Israel's, Herzog, Benjamin Netanyahu's, ”, Sam Altman, Vladimir Putin, Li Qiang, Ursula von der Leyen, Joe Biden's, Jake Sullivan, Emmanuel Macron, Antony Blinken, Javier Milei, Donald Trump —, Biden, John Kerry, Chatham House's Maddox Organizations: Young Swiss Socialists, Chatham House, Intelligence, Microsoft, European Commission, Chatham, “ Locations: DAVOS, Switzerland, Russia, Davos, Chatham, Gaza, Yemen, Qatar, Jordan, Lebanon, China, U.S, Dubai, “ Davos

☆ What the COP28 deal means for the U.S. as oil and gas production hits record levels
▼ + stars: | 2023-12-13 | by ( Sam Meredith | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +6 min

The agreement, known as the global stocktake, was hailed as "historic" by COP28 President Sultan al-Jaber during his closing speech. Samuel Corum | Getty Images News | Getty ImagesU.S. climate envoy John Kerry said Wednesday that the COP28 agreement "sends very strong messages to the world." The fight to end oil, gas and coal must now be taken up at the country level with the United States leading the way. Fossil fuels and climate financeUnder Biden, the U.S. passed the most aggressive climate investment ever taken by Congress, a bill known as the Inflation Reduction Act. Nonetheless, the White House has frequently received sharp criticism over its plans to expand oil and gas production.

Persons: Joe Biden, Cyril Ramaphosa, Joe Biden's, Sultan al, Jaber, Samuel Corum, John Kerry, Kerry, Jean Su, Jason Bordoff, Su, Nikki Reisch, Reisch, Biden, Jennifer Granholm, Brandon Bell Organizations: White, Washington , D.C, Bloomberg, Getty, European Union, Washington Hilton, United, Center for Biological, . Energy, Administration, Russia, Center, Global Energy, Columbia University, CNBC, Center for Biological Diversity, Center for International Environmental, U.S, Biden, Marathon El Locations: South, Washington ,, Connecticut, Washington , DC, United States, China, U.S, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Ukraine, America, Marathon El Paso Refinery, El Paso , Texas, The U.S

☆ $100 billion climate finance for developing countries is a 'drop in the ocean': Egypt climate envoy
▼ + stars: | 2023-12-04 | by ( ) www.cnbc.com time to read: 1 min

Share Share Article via Facebook Share Article via Twitter Share Article via LinkedIn Share Article via Email$100 billion climate finance for developing countries is a 'drop in the ocean': Egypt climate envoyMahmoud Mohieldin, U.N. Climate Change High-Level Champion, says the figure is "only 10% to bridge the gap."

Persons: Mahmoud Mohieldin Locations: Egypt, U.N

On Monday, Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman, energy minister and the key climate negotiator, for the kingdom, was a no-show at the Saudi Green Initiative. "The climate finance that they have pledged at this COP28 is simply not enough," said Pakistani activist Zaigham Abbas, whose country was devastated last year by widespread flooding. Elsewhere, France and Japan said they would support a move by the African Development Bank to leverage IMF Special Drawing Rights for climate and development. This year also features the biggest-ever representation of business at the annual U.N. summit, amid hopes for more private investment toward climate causes. "The scale of the climate crisis demands urgent and game-changing solutions from every industry," COP28 President Ahmed Al-Jaber said.

Persons: COP28, Johanna Geron, Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman, Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman, Nicholas Stern, Mia Mottley, Antonio Guterres, Zaigham Abbas, Abu Dhabi, Ahmed Al, Jaber, Simon Jessop, Maha El, Al Sayegh, Alexander Cornwell, Elizabeth Piper, David Stanway, Katy Daigle Organizations: of, European Union, REUTERS, Companies, Saudi, United, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Green Initiative, Crown, Grantham Research, Asian Peoples ' Movement, Development, African Development Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction, Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, BlackRock, HSBC, Finance, Reuters, Thomson Locations: Dubai, Brussels, Belgium, Companies UAE, DUBAI, COP28, United Arab, Saudi Arabia, Sharm el, Sheikh, Egypt, Paris, China, Grantham, Barbados, France, Japan, Copenhagen, Abu

☆ COP28: Abu Dhabi teams up with HSBC, others on climate finance think-tank
▼ + stars: | 2023-12-04 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: 1 min

DUBAI, Dec 4 (Reuters) - Abu Dhabi will host the newly launched Global Climate Finance Centre in partnership with nine founding members including the World Bank, lender HSBC (HSBA.L) and asset managers BlackRock (BLK.N) and Ninety One (N91.L). Described as an independent think-tank and research hub, the centre will look at barriers to investment into low-carbon projects and develop the financial frameworks to overcome them. "It will put Abu Dhabi and the UAE at the forefront of driving global change in sustainable finance, providing a positive legacy for years to come," COP28 President Sultan Al Jaber said in a statement on Monday. Reporting by Maha El-Dahan and Simon Jessop; editing by William JamesOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Persons: Abu, Sultan Al Jaber, Maha El, Simon Jessop, William James Our Organizations: Climate Finance, World Bank, HSBC, BlackRock, Thomson Locations: DUBAI, Abu Dhabi, UAE

☆ World Leaders Work to Cut Methane at COP28
▼ + stars: | 2023-12-03 | by ( Matthew Dalton | ) www.wsj.com time to read: 1 min

More than 190 governments gathered in Dubai beginning Thursday for the United Nations’ annual two-week summit where nations attempt to forge a collective response to the problem of climate change. This year, four topics are expected to dominate: a report on the worldwide implementation of the landmark Paris climate accord, the future of fossil fuels, climate finance for poorer countries and the setting up of a fund to pay for climate damage.

Organizations: United Nations Locations: Dubai, Paris

We need to implement food systems approaches throughout COP28," said Joao Campari, global leader of food practice at the World Wildlife Fund. Doing so could also unlock financial investment in tackling food emissions, said Saswati Bora, global director for regenerative food systems at the Nature Conservancy. TACKLING METHANEA key goal for advocates is reducing methane emissions from food sectors like livestock production and food waste. Countries should also make stronger commitments in NDCs on food waste, said Liz Goodwin, director of food loss and waste at the World Resources Institute. Food waste generates half of all global food system emissions according to a March study published in the journal Nature Food.

Persons: David Swanson, Joao Campari, NDCs, Patty Fong, Saswati Bora, Bora, John Tauzel, Tauzel, Liz Goodwin, Goodwin, Leah Douglas, Josie Kao Organizations: REUTERS, United Nations, Food, Agriculture Organization, FAO, World Wildlife Fund, Conference of, United, United Arab Emirates, Global Alliance, Nature Conservancy, COP26, Environmental Defense Fund, World Resources Institute, Thomson Locations: Corcoran , California, U.S, Dubai, COP28, United Arab, United States, India, China, Canada, NDCs

Italy's Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni addresses her speech during the question time at the upper house of parliament in Rome, Italy November 23, 2023. REUTERS/Remo Casilli Acquire Licensing RightsROME, Dec 1 (Reuters) - Italy will provide 100 million euros ($108.91 million) to a new fund to help poor countries cope with "loss and damage" due to climate change, Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni said on Friday, adding she would invest 70% of her 4.2-billion euro Climate Fund in Africa. "We are contributing to the loss and damage fund with 100 million euros to help achieve the goals of this COP28," she told an event at the COP28 climate conference in Dubai. Italy's Climate Fund is part of a commitment by rich countries to funnel at least $100 billion a year in developing economies through green transition projects under the form of state guarantees, loans and equity investments. In late 2021, under Meloni's predecessor Mario Draghi, Italy set aside 840 million euros per year between 2022 and 2026 for the programme plus an additional annual endowment of 40 million euros starting from 2027.

Persons: Giorgia Meloni, Remo Casilli, Rome, Mario Draghi, Gilberto Pichetto Fratin, William Maclean Organizations: Italy's, REUTERS, Rights, Fund, Energy, Reuters, Treasury, Thomson Locations: Rome, Italy, Africa, Dubai

☆ King Charles says world heading for ‘dangerous uncharted territory’ as climate crisis deepens
▼ + stars: | 2023-12-01 | by ( Laura Paddison | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +4 min

CNN —King Charles III told world leaders Friday that the warning signs of the climate crisis are being ignored and that the world is heading for “dangerous uncharted territory,” with devastating consequences for lives and livelihoods. The King called for a series of measures, including a ramp-up of public and private finance, to tackle the climate crisis and rapidly increase renewable energy. The King did not attend last year’s COP27 summit in Egypt, after the then UK Prime Minister, Liz Truss advised him against going. CNN understood at the time that, the monarch and government jointly agreed that the climate summit wasn’t the right occasion for the King’s first trip overseas as sovereign. The US announced a commitment of $17.5 million, which some experts and advocacy groups said was “embarrassing.”World leaders including India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Brazil’s President Lula Da Silva, UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and Prime Minister of Barbados Mia Mottley are due to address delegates later.

Persons: King Charles III, King, ”, won’t, Liz Truss, Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, “, Narendra Modi, Lula Da Silva, Rishi Sunak, Barbados Mia Mottley, CNN’s Lauren Said, Moorhouse, Angela Dewan, Ella Nilsen Organizations: CNN, UAE, CNN’s Royal, United Arab, US, India’s, Brazil’s, UK Locations: Dubai, Pakistan, Bangladesh, East Africa, Egypt, UAE, United Arab Emirates, Germany, Barbados

REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File photo Acquire Licensing RightsLONDON, Dec 1(Reuters) - The Ethereum blockchain's historical greenhouse gas emissions before a major software upgrade last year were equivalent to the yearly emissions of Honduras, a University of Cambridge study showed on Friday. From its launch in 2015 until the Merge, Ethereum's greenhouse gas emissions totalled 27.5 million tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e), the study showed. Its current yearly emissions are around 2.8 kilotonnes carbon dioxide equivalent, the study found - around the same as five round-trip flights from London to New York. It is generally thought that blockchain is "a highly emitting technology," said Anna Lerner, executive director at the Ethereum Climate Platform, an organisation that seeks to use blockchain tech to accelerate climate finance. The annual emissions of Bitcoin, the largest blockchain and cryptocurrency, are therefore roughly equivalent to those of Cambodia in 2020, according to Climate Watch.

Persons: Dado Ruvic, Anna Lerner, Ethereum, Alexander Neumueller, Neumueller, Tom Wilson, Alexandra Hudson Organizations: REUTERS, University of Cambridge, Global, Climate Watch, Reuters, Alexandra Hudson Our, Thomson Locations: Honduras, Dubai, London, New York, Bitcoin, Cambodia

President of the United Arab Emirates Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan attends the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, December 1, 2023. REUTERS/Amr Alfiky Acquire Licensing RightsDUBAI, Dec 1 (Reuters) - United Arab Emirates President Sheikh Mohammed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, whose country is hosting the COP28 climate summit, announced on Friday the establishment of a $30 billion climate fund that aims to attract $250 billion of investment by the end of the decade. Dubbed ALTÉRRA, the fund will allocate $25 billion towards climate strategies and $5 billion specifically to incentivise investment flows into the Global South, according to a statement by the COP28 Presidency. ALTÉRRA has also committed to invest $2 billion into its second Brookfield Global Transition Fund. ALTÉRRA was established by Lunate, a newly set up Abu Dhabi-based alternative investment manager with over $50 billion in assets.

Persons: United Arab Emirates Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Amr Alfiky, Sheikh Mohammed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, ALTÉRRA, BlackRock, Abu, Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed Al Nahyan, William James, Nadine Awadalla, Al Sayegh, Tommy Reggiori Wilkes, Susan Fenton, Sharon Singleton, Miral Organizations: United, United Nations, Change, United Arab Emirates, REUTERS, Rights, BlackRock, TPG, Brookfield Asset Management, Transition, Lunate, Chimera Investment, Reuters, Thomson Locations: United Arab Emirates, Dubai, United Arab, COP28, Brookfield, Abu Dhabi, UAE

☆ What’s at Stake at COP28 in Dubai
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-30 | by ( Matthew Dalton | ) www.wsj.com time to read: 1 min

More than 190 governments are gathering in Dubai starting Thursday for the United Nations’ annual two-week summit where nations attempt to forge a collective response to the problem of climate change. This year, four topics are expected to dominate the negotiations: a report on the worldwide implementation of the landmark Paris accord called the “global stocktake,” the future of fossil fuels, climate finance for poorer countries and the setting up of a fund to pay for climate damage.

Organizations: United Nations Locations: Dubai, Paris

The sources said the UAE would provide the bulk of the money and private equity firm TPG and infrastructure investor Brookfield would also be involved. Two sources said the money would be overseen by UAE-backed investor Lunate Capital. A view of Dubai's Expo City during the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) Climate Summit in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, November 30, 2023. REUTERS/Amr Alfiky Acquire Licensing RightsA second source said BlackRock, TPG and Brookfield would allocate money currently housed in other funds to the UAE fund and that talks over the fund began after the summer and carried on through October. Additional reporting by Andres Gonzales, Anousha Sakoui and Elisa Martinuzzi in London Editing by Susan FentonOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Persons: Lunate, Amr Alfiky, Andres Gonzales, Anousha Sakoui, Elisa Martinuzzi, Susan Fenton Organizations: Lunate, BlackRock, TPG, Brookfield, United, Reuters, Lunate Capital, Financial Times, Dubai's, United Nations, Change, United Arab Emirates, REUTERS, UAE, COP28, Thomson Locations: UAE, DUBAI, United Arab Emirates, Dubai, United Arab, BlackRock, Brookfield, London

☆ Emerging world needs climate finance and to burn coal, India says
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-30 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +2 min

REUTERS/Mukesh Gupta/File Photo Acquire Licensing RightsNEW DELHI, Nov 30 (Reuters) - Emerging economies need climate finance, help with technology and the right to pursue development, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Thursday before leaving for the UN climate summit in Dubai. The COP28 summit opened in Dubai on Thursday for two weeks of talks. Emerging powers, including India and China, often blame the developed world for having used more than its share of the available carbon resources. Earlier on Thursday, Foreign Secretary Vinay Mohan Kwatra said coal would remain India's main source of energy for years to come. "Coal is, and would, remain an important part of India's energy needs," he told reporters.

Persons: Mukesh Gupta, Narendra Modi, Vinay Mohan Kwatra, Kwatra, Sarita Chaganti Singh, Jacqueline Wong, Miral Fahmy, Barbara Lewis Organizations: REUTERS, India's, Reuters, Thomson Locations: Jammu, DELHI, Dubai, India, China, France, United States, COP28

☆ Countries at COP28 approve climate disaster fund deal details in early breakthrough
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-30 | by ( Sam Meredith | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +3 min

A man wearing a thawb walks past flags of nations participating in the UNFCCC COP28 Climate Conference the day before its official opening on November 29, 2023 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Dubai, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES — Countries at the U.N. COP28 summit on Thursday agreed on deal details for a disaster fund to help nations reeling from damages caused by the climate crisis. So far, the pledges to the fund include $100 million from Germany, $100 million from the United Arab Emirates, $17 million from the U.S. and $10 million from Japan. High-income countries, which account for the bulk of historical greenhouse gas emissions, have long opposed the creation of a loss and damage fund to compensate low-income nations. Avinash Persaud, special climate envoy to Barbados, said that the deal reflects "a hard fought historic agreement."

Persons: Friederike Roder, Roder, Avinash Persaud Organizations: United Arab Emirates, UNITED, EMIRATES, United Arab, Bank, Global Citizen Locations: Dubai, United Arab, COP28, United Arab Emirates, COP27, Egypt, Germany, U.S, Japan, Barbados

☆ 'Tax the bad' to boost climate finance, COP28 panel advises
▼ + stars: | 2023-11-29 | by ( Mark John | ) www.reuters.com time to read: +4 min

[1/3] A general view shows Marathon Petroleum's refinery, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, in Anacortes, Washington, U.S., March 9, 2022. Higher carbon taxes - including levies on emissions from the maritime and aviation sectors - should be among options COP28 studies, the panel recommended. Subsidies for fossil fuels totalled $1.3 trillion, and substantially more if counting the societal cost of dealing with emissions and pollution. Co-chair Nicholas Stern, professor at LSE/Grantham Research Institute, said there was a compelling case for energy companies to make voluntary contributions. "I think that moral obligation is something that will be emphasised at COP28, and indeed before and after," he said.

Persons: David Ryder, Amar Bhattacharya, Vera Songwe, Nicholas Stern, Mark John, Barbara Lewis Organizations: REUTERS, Summit, United Arab, Brookings, Center, Sustainable Development, Investments, World Bank, LSE, Grantham Research Institute, Aviation, Thomson Locations: Ukraine, Anacortes , Washington , U.S, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Paris, COP28, China

Here's a rough guide to the jargon being used in Dubai at COP28, this year's United Nations climate change conference. The term "climate change" is used more broadly to describe global warming and its consequences, including variable weather extremes. GHGs include a myriad of gases, but the most impactful — methane and carbon dioxide — are also referred to as "carbon emissions" because both molecules contain carbon. The world's excess carbon emissions come mostly from the burning of fossil fuels and other industrial activities. UNFCCC - The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is the treaty adopted in 1992 agreeing to halt climate change.

Persons: Amanda Perobelli, COP21, NDCs, Gloria Dickie, Katy Daigle, Rod Nickel, Aurora Ellis Organizations: United Nations, Paris, Thomson Locations: Amazonia, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil, Dubai, COP28, United Nations, China, PARIS, Paris, Glasgow, COP27, London

Such is the scene at the annual COP conference, this year being held Nov. 30-Dec. 12 in the Emirati city of Dubai. Here's how the climate summit unfolds on the ground. THE OPENING CEREMONYThe UAE has spent the last year laying the diplomatic groundwork for this year's summit. But it officially takes on the COP presidency only at the opening ceremony, which features welcome speeches and opportunities to bang the gavel. THE SCENEDuring the first few days, national leaders jet in for what is called the "High-Level Segment" involving back-to-back speeches in the venue's main plenary hall.

Persons: William James, Katy Daigle, Lisa Shumaker Organizations: UAE, Thomson Locations: Emirati, Dubai, UAE, COP26

Persons: William James, Katy Daigle, Lisa Shumaker Organizations: UAE, Thomson Locations: Emirati, Dubai, UAE, COP26

Greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels are the biggest cause of climate change. "We have a world which has more fossil fuels than ever," said Ani Dasgupta, president of the World Resources Institute, a climate NGO. U.S. officials and others are hopeful a recent climate deal between the U.S. and China may also set a positive tone for the talks. Another test is whether wealthy nations announce money for the fund at COP28 - to the tune of hundreds of millions of dollars. "Speaking from previous experience, unfortunately most of the global agreements, most of the global climate related pledges went uncompleted," said Najib Ahmed, National Consultant at Somalia's Climate Ministry.

Persons: Sultan al, Jaber, ADNOC, Ani Dasgupta, Narendra Modi, Britain's King Charles, Joe Biden, Gayane, Najib Ahmed, Valerie Volcovici, Josie Kao Organizations: OPEC, United Nations, International Energy Agency, BBC, World Resources Institute, Indian, European Union, Reuters, U.S, FINANCE, EU, Climate Ministry, “, Thomson Locations: Paris, France, WASHINGTON, BRUSSELS, Dubai, UAE, U.S, China, India

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